{"id":63,"date":"2022-04-28T00:49:12","date_gmt":"2022-04-27T16:49:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/39.105.184.3\/?p=63"},"modified":"2025-12-21T01:06:50","modified_gmt":"2025-12-20T17:06:50","slug":"%e7%9c%9f%e6%a0%b8%e7%94%9f%e7%89%a9mrna%e6%88%90%e7%86%9f%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/?p=63","title":{"rendered":"\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269mRNA\u6210\u719f\u8fc7\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269mRNA\u6210\u719f\u7684\u52a0\u5de5\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684DNA\u5e8f\u5217\u6839\u636e\u80fd\u5426\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6838\u9178\u548c\u86cb\u767d\u4ea7\u7269\u5206\u4e3a\u57fa\u56e0\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u95f4\u533a\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u57fa\u56e0\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6c\u5f55\u548c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5f62\u6210\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7684DNA\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4ea7\u751f\u6709\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u975e\u7f16\u7801RNA\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u86cb\u767d\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u5e8f\u5217\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u86cb\u767d\u6f5c\u529b\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u533a\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u533a\u4e24\u4fa7\u8d77\u8c03\u63a7\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u975e\u7f16\u7801\u533a\u3002\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u8f6c\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7531<code>RNA\u805a\u5408\u9176II<\/code>\uff08RNA polymerase II, Pol II\uff09\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u590d\u5408\u4f53\u50ac\u5316\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u7f16\u7801\u533a\u4e0a\u7684<code>\u589e\u5f3a\u5b50<\/code>\uff08enhancer\uff09\u3001<code>\u542f\u52a8\u5b50<\/code>\uff08promoter\uff09\u548c<code>\u7ec8\u6b62\u5b50<\/code>\uff08terminator\uff09\u7b49\u987a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u7528\u5143\u4ef6\u548c\u4f17\u591a<code>\u8f6c\u5f55\u56e0\u5b50<\/code>\uff08transcription factor, TF\uff09\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u4ece<code>\u8f6c\u5f55\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u70b9<\/code>\uff08transcription starting sites, TSS\uff09\u5230<code>\u8f6c\u5f55\u7ec8\u6b62\u4f4d\u70b9<\/code>\uff08transcription termination sites, TTS\uff09\u7684pre-mRNA\u4ea7\u7269\u3002Pre-mRNA\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u52a0\u5de5\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u5f62\u6210\u6210\u719f\u7684mRNA\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u518d\u4e0e\u6838\u7cd6\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4ece<code>\u8d77\u59cb\u5bc6\u7801\u5b50<\/code>\uff08starting codon\uff09\u5230<code>\u7ec8\u6b62\u5bc6\u7801\u5b50<\/code>\uff08termination codon\uff09\u7684\u80bd\u94fe\u3002Pre-mRNA\u548c\u6210\u719fmRNA\u4e0a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8d77\u59cb\u5bc6\u7801\u5b50\u4e0a\u6e38\u548c\u7ec8\u6b62\u5bc6\u7801\u5b50\u4e0b\u6e38\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u79f0\u4e3a<code>5\u2019\u975e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u533a<\/code>(5\u2019 untranslational region, 5\u2019 UTR)\u548c<code>3\u2019\u975e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u533a<\/code>\uff083\u2019 untranslational region, 3\u2019 UTR\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/eamonimgbed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\/img\/zhswmrnacsgc_img1.webp\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ecepre-mRNA\u5230\u6210\u719fmRNA\u7684\u52a0\u5de5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u6dfb\u52a0<code>5\u2019\u5e3d\u5b50<\/code>\u7ed3\u6784\uff085\u2019cap\uff09\u3001<code>\u526a\u63a5<\/code>\uff08splicing\uff09\u548c<code>3\u2019 \u52a0\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5c3e<\/code>\uff08polyadenylation, poly(A)\uff09\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5728pre-mRNA\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u8f6c\u5f55\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c5\u2019\u52a0\u5e3d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u7531pre-mRNA\u76845\u2019\u4e09\u78f7\u9178\u4e0eGTP\u901a\u8fc75\u2019,5\u2019-\u4e09\u78f7\u9178\u916f\u952e\u7f29\u5408\uff0cGTP\u7684N-7\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u7684\u620a\u7cd62\u53f7\u78b3\u539f\u5b50\u88ab\u7532\u57fa\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/eamonimgbed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\/img\/zhswmrnacsgc_img2.webp\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u526a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6307\u7f16\u7801\u533a\u4e0a<code>\u5185\u542b\u5b50<\/code>\uff08intron\uff09\u7684\u526a\u9664\u4e0e<code>\u5916\u663e\u5b50<\/code>\uff08exon\uff09\u7684\u62fc\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7531\u79f0\u4e3a<code>\u526a\u63a5\u4f53<\/code>\uff08splicesome\uff09\u7684RNA-\u86cb\u767d\u590d\u5408\u4f53\u50ac\u5316\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u6309\u5176\u7ec4\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a<code>\u4e3b\u8981\u526a\u63a5\u4f53<\/code>\uff08major splicesome\uff09\u548c<code>\u6b21\u8981\u526a\u63a5\u4f53<\/code>\uff08minor splicesome\uff09\u4e24\u7c7b\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u75315\u79cd<code>\u6838\u5c0f\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u86cb\u767d<\/code>\uff08snRNPs, small nuclear ribonucleoproteins\uff09U1\u3001U2\u3001U4\u3001U5\u3001U6\u548c\u8d85\u8fc7170\u79cd\u5176\u4ed6\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5927\u4e8e99%\u7684\u5185\u542b\u5b50\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u8981\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u5207\u9664\u3002\u6b21\u8981\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u7531U5\u3001U11\u3001U12\u3001U4atac\u3001U16atac\u51e0\u79cdsnRNPs\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u86cb\u767d\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u80fd\u52a0\u5de5mRNA\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u8fdc\u5c11\u4e8e\u4e3b\u8981\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/eamonimgbed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\/img\/zhswmrnacsgc_img3.webp\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0epre-mRNA\u4e0a\u7684<code>\u987a\u5f0f\u8c03\u63a7\u5143\u4ef6<\/code>\uff08<em>cis<\/em>-elements\uff09\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec<code>5\u2019\u526a\u63a5\u4f4d\u70b9<\/code>\uff085\u2019 splicing site, 5ss\uff09,<code>3\u2019\u526a\u63a5\u4f4d\u70b9<\/code>\uff083\u2019 splicing site, 3ss\uff09\u548c<code>\u5206\u652f\u4f4d\u70b9<\/code>\uff08branch point site, BPS\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u4f4d\u70b9\u5982<code>\u5916\u663e\u5b50\u526a\u63a5\u589e\u5f3a\u5b50<\/code>\uff08exonic splicing enhancer, ESE\uff09\u3001<code>\u5916\u663e\u5b50\u526a\u63a5\u6291\u5236\u5b50<\/code>\uff08exonic splicing suppressor, ESS\uff09\u3001<code>\u5185\u542b\u5b50\u526a\u63a5\u589e\u5f3a\u5b50<\/code>\uff08intronic splicing enhancer, ISE\uff09\u3001<code>\u5185\u542b\u5b50\u526a\u63a5\u6291\u5236\u5b50<\/code>\uff08intronic splicing suppressor, ISS\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u5360\u6bd4\u6700\u591a\u7684<code>U2\u7c7b\u578b\u5185\u542b\u5b50<\/code>\uff08\u5e8f\u5217\u7279\u5f81\u4e3aGU-AG\uff09\uff0c\u6b21\u8981\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u8d1f\u8d23<code>U12\u7c7b\u578b\u5185\u542b\u5b50<\/code>\uff08\u5e8f\u5217\u7279\u5f81\u4e3aAU-AC\uff09\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\u7684splicing\uff0c\u518d\u5185\u8d28\u7f51\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6709\u7531Ire1\u4ecb\u5bfc\u7684\u975e\u7ecf\u5178splicing\uff0c\u8be6\u89c1<a href=\"\/posts\/b2f5b0e6.html\">\u5185\u8d28\u7f51\u5e94\u6fc0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Poly(A)\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u7531\u4ee5<code>\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5316\u805a\u5408\u9176<\/code>\uff08polyadenylation polymerase, PAP\uff09\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u5927\u578b\u86cb\u767d\u673a\u5668\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec4\u79cd\u86cb\u767d\u590d\u5408\u4f53\uff08<code>CPSF<\/code>(cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor), <code>CSTF<\/code>(cleavage stimulation factor), <code>CFI<\/code>(cleavage factor I), <code>CFII<\/code>(cleavage factor II)\uff09\u548c\u51e0\u79cd\u72ec\u7acb\u86cb\u767d\uff08<code>symplekin<\/code>, <code>PAP<\/code>, <code>RBBP6<\/code>(retinoblastoma-binding protein 6), <code>Pol II<\/code>(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684CTD(carboxy-terminal domain)\u7ed3\u6784\u57df), <code>PABPN1<\/code>(nuclear poly(A)-binding protein 1\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/eamonimgbed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\/img\/zhswmrnacsgc_img4.webp\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPSF: cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CSTF: cleavage stimulation factor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CFI: cleavage factor I<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CFII: cleavage factor II<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PAP: poly(A) polymerase<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RBBP6: retinoblastoma-binding protein 6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pol II: RNA polymerase II (here, especially the Pol II regulatory carboxy-terminal domain (CTD))<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PABPN1: nuclear poly(A)-binding protein<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Poly(A)\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8epre-mRNA\u76843\u2019 UTR\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u6838\u9178\u5185\u5207\u9176\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c3\u2019UTR\u5728\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<code>\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5316\u4f4d\u70b9<\/code>\uff08polyadenylation site or poly(A) site, PAS\uff09\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5207\u5f00\uff0c\u518d\u7531PAP\u5728\u526a\u5207\u4f4d\u70b9\u50ac\u5316\u5f62\u621020~200\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u817a\u560c\u5464\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u3002PAS\u4f4d\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u540c\u6837\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8emRNA\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u987a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u7528\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982PAS\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684<code>A[A\/U]UAAA\u516d\u805a\u4f53<\/code>\u548cU-rich\u5e8f\u5217\u3001UGUA\u5e8f\u5217\u548cPAS\u4e0b\u6e38\u7684U-rich\u548cGU-rich\u5e8f\u5217\u3002A[A\/U]UAAA\u516d\u805a\u4f53\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u63a7\u5236\u5f62\u6210PAS\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8f83A[A\/U]UAAA\u5f31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/eamonimgbed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\/img\/zhswmrnacsgc_img5.webp\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5316<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u6761pre-mRNA\u5e76\u975e\u5bf9\u5e94\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u526a\u63a5\u548c\u52a0\u5c3e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728<code>\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5<\/code>\uff08alternative splicing, AS\uff09\u548c<code>\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5316<\/code>\uff08alternative polyadenylation, APA\uff09\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e00\u6761\u5e8f\u5217\u5df2\u5b9a\u7684pre-mRNA\u80fd\u591f\u52a0\u5de5\u6210\u4e3a\u591a\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6210\u719fmRNA\u3002\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5316\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u771f\u6838\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u7684mRNA\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u5bf9\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5206\u5316\u548c\u53d1\u80b2\u7b49\u751f\u547d\u6d3b\u52a8\u5177\u6709\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5\u6309\u7167\u5185\u542b\u5b50\u548c\u5916\u663e\u5b50\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0e\u5207\u9664\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a<code>\u5185\u542b\u5b50\u4fdd\u7559\u578b<\/code>\u3001<code>5\u2019\u9009\u62e9\u6027<\/code>\u3001<code>3\u2019\u9009\u62e9\u6027<\/code>\u3001<code>\u5916\u663e\u5b50\u9057\u6f0f\u578b<\/code>\u548c<code>\u76f8\u4e92\u6392\u65a5\u578b<\/code>\u7b49\u51e0\u79cd\u3002\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5\u4e0e\u7ec6\u80de\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u5168\u957f\u7684mTOR\uff08mTOR\u03b1\uff09\u5728\u56e0\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d8\u4e3a\u7f29\u77ed\u7684mTOR\u03b2\u540e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u7ec6\u80de\u5468\u671fG1\u5411S\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u6b96\u3002\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u8bf1\u56e0\u6216\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5982PTEN\uff08phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten\uff09\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80bf\u7624\u6291\u5236\u57fa\u56e0\u901a\u8fc7\u6291\u5236PI3K\u6d3b\u6027\u6291\u5236\u764c\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u6b96\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e73\u817a\u764c\u4e2d\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5176\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u5185\u542b\u5b50\u7684\u53d8\u4f53PTEN5b\u8868\u8fbe\u4e0a\u8c03\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4f34\u968fPI3K\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u764c\u75c7\u53d1\u751f\u3002<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/eamonimgbed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\/img\/zhswmrnacsgc_img6.webp\" alt=\"image.png\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5316\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728mRNA\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7531Pol II\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff08\u5982\u957f\u975e\u7f16\u7801RNA\uff08long non-coding RNAs, lncRNA\uff09\uff09\u76843\u2019\u7aef\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u7684PAS\u4f4d\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c3\u2019\u672b\u7aef\u7684RNA\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002APA\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u81f3\u5c1170%\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269mRNA\u5177\u6709APA\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570PAS\u4f4d\u70b9\u5206\u5e03\u5728RNA\u76843\u2019UTR\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f43\u2019UTR\u7684\u4f38\u957f\u6216\u7f29\u77ed\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206APA\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f7fPAS\u843d\u5728\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u5916\u663e\u5b50\u6216\u5185\u542b\u5b50\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a<code>UP-APA<\/code>(upstream APA)\u3002\u8fd9\u79cdAPA\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6539\u53d8\u4e86mRNA\u975e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u533a\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5176\u86cb\u767d\u7f16\u7801\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5176\u5f62\u6210\u540c\u65f6\u6709\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/eamonimgbed.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com\/img\/zhswmrnacsgc_img7.webp\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>mRNA\u76843\u2019 UTR\u533a\u57df\u5b58\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u987a\u5f0f\u4f5c\u7528\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u598250%\u7684microRNA\u7ed3\u5408\u4f4d\u70b9\u4f4d\u4e8emRNA\u76843\u2019 UTR\u533a\u57df\uff0c<code>3\u2019UTR\u7f29\u77ed<\/code>\uff083\u2019 UTR shortning, 3\u2019 US\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5176\u62db\u52dfmicroRNA\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e27\u5931\u3002\u6839\u636e\u540c\u4e00mRNA\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540cPAS\u4f4d\u70b9\u8ddd\u79bb\u86cb\u767d\u7f16\u7801\u533a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdc\u8fd1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a<code>\u8fd1\u7aefPAS<\/code>\uff08proximal PAS, pPAS\uff09\u548c<code>\u8fdc\u7aefPAS<\/code>\uff08distal PAS, dPAS\uff09\u3002\u5728\u7ec6\u80de\u589e\u6b96\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9bmRNA\u53d1\u751f3\u2019US\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u66f4\u591a\u9776\u5e8f\u5217\u4f4d\u4e8epPAS\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u4fc3\u8fdb\u589e\u6b96\u6d3b\u6027\u7684por-proliferation miRNA\uff0c\u800c\u9776\u5e8f\u5217\u4f4d\u4e8epPAS\u548cdPAS\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6291\u5236\u6027miRNA\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7ec6\u80de\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u540c\u4e00miRNA\u7ed3\u5408\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684<code>\u5185\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u6027RNAs<\/code>\uff08competing endogeneous RNAs, ceRNAs\uff09\u7f51\u7edc\u4f7f\u5f97miRNA\u4ecb\u5bfc\u7684APA\u8c03\u63a7\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86APA\u5728\u7cbe\u7ec6\u8c03\u63a7\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u4e2d\u7684\u7cbe\u5bc6\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u987a\u5f0f\u5143\u4ef6\u5982<code>AREs<\/code>(A-rich elements)\u548c<code>GREs<\/code>(GU-rich elements)\u7b49\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4f4d\u70b9\u7f3a\u5931\u5bfc\u81f4mRNA\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406\u4e86\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269mRNA\u6210\u719f\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u52a0\u5de5\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a5\u2019\u7aef\u52a0\u5e3d\u3001\u526a\u63a5\u548c3\u2019\u7aef\u52a0\u5c3e\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u526a\u63a5\u4f53\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u952e\u7684\u987a\u5f0f\u8c03\u63a7\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u53ef\u53d8\u526a\u63a5\u4e0e\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u591a\u805a\u817a\u82f7\u9178\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u6781\u5927\u5730\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\u8f6c\u5f55\u7ec4\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e0e\u8c03\u63a7\u5c42\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","category-note"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14210,"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions\/14210"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fanyiming.life\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}